This worksheet will help you prepare for earning the Auto Maintenance merit badge. Remember to always work with a knowledgeable adult who can supervise your activities and ensure your safety. This is not a substitute for the official Boy Scouts of America merit badge pamphlet. Always refer to that pamphlet for complete requirements.
Section 1: Basic Car Knowledge & Safety
1.1. Basic Car Systems: Describe the function of the following systems in a vehicle:
- Engine: Explain the four-stroke cycle (intake, compression, power, exhaust) and the role of key components like the pistons, cylinders, crankshaft, and valves.
- Transmission: Differentiate between automatic and manual transmissions. Explain how gears work to change speed and torque.
- Braking System: Describe the components of a disc and drum braking system, including calipers, rotors, brake pads, drums, and shoes. Explain how anti-lock brakes (ABS) function.
- Steering System: Explain how the steering wheel, steering column, tie rods, and other components work together to control the direction of the vehicle.
- Suspension System: Describe the function of shock absorbers, struts, springs, and other suspension components in providing a comfortable and safe ride.
- Electrical System: Explain the role of the battery, alternator, starter motor, and fuses in powering the vehicle.
1.2. Safety Procedures:
- Proper Lifting Techniques: Describe safe techniques for lifting heavy objects, such as a car jack or spare tire, to avoid injury.
- Working with Tools: Explain the proper use and care of common automotive tools, such as wrenches, screwdrivers, and sockets. Emphasize safety precautions.
- Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): List and describe the appropriate PPE for working on a vehicle (e.g., safety glasses, gloves, closed-toe shoes).
- Emergency Procedures: Explain the procedures to follow in case of an accident or emergency while working on a vehicle. This includes proper jacking and securing procedures.
Section 2: Basic Maintenance Tasks
2.1. Fluid Checks and Changes:
- Engine Oil: Explain the importance of regular oil changes and how to check the oil level using the dipstick.
- Coolant: Describe the function of coolant and how to check its level and condition.
- Transmission Fluid: Explain how to check the transmission fluid level (if applicable to your vehicle).
- Brake Fluid: Describe the importance of brake fluid and how to check its level (with adult supervision).
- Power Steering Fluid: Explain how to check the power steering fluid level (with adult supervision).
- Windshield Washer Fluid: Explain how to refill the windshield washer fluid reservoir.
2.2. Tire Maintenance:
- Tire Pressure: Explain the importance of maintaining proper tire pressure and how to check it using a tire pressure gauge.
- Tire Rotation: Describe the process of rotating tires to ensure even wear.
- Tire Tread Depth: Explain how to check tire tread depth using a tread depth gauge or the penny test.
- Spare Tire: Describe how to locate and use the spare tire and jacking equipment.
2.3. Other Maintenance Tasks:
- Battery Terminals: Explain how to clean corroded battery terminals.
- Headlights & Taillights: Describe how to check and replace burned-out bulbs.
- Wipers & Washers: Explain how to replace wiper blades and refill washer fluid.
Section 3: Troubleshooting and Repair
3.1. Simple Repairs:
- Describe how to identify and replace a blown fuse.
- Explain the process of jump-starting a dead battery (with adult supervision).
3.2. Vehicle Systems Diagnosis:
- Describe basic troubleshooting techniques for identifying common vehicle problems, such as a dead battery, low tire pressure, or a burned-out headlight. What questions should you ask yourself to narrow down the problem?
Section 4: Record Keeping
Maintain a log of all maintenance performed on your vehicle. This should include dates, tasks completed, and any parts replaced.
This worksheet provides a framework. Remember to consult the official Boy Scouts of America Auto Maintenance merit badge pamphlet for complete requirements and further details. Always prioritize safety and work under adult supervision.
